中华人民共和国主席令
 
第68号

《中华人民共和国政府采购法》已由中华人民共和国第九届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第二十八次会议于2002年6月29日通过，现予公布，自2003年1月1日起施行。

中华人民共和国主席 江泽民
二○○二年六月二十九日

中华人民共和国政府采购法

 目 录
第一章 总 则
第二章 政府采购当事人
第三章 政府采购方式
第四章 政府采购程序
第五章 政府采购合同
第六章 质疑与投诉
第七章 监督检查
第八章 法律责任
第九章 附 则
 
第一章 总 则
 第一条 为了规范政府采购行为，提高政府采购资金的使用效益，维护国家利益和社会公共利益，保护政府采购当事人的合法权益，促进廉政建设，制定本法。
 第二条 在中华人民共和国境内进行的政府采购适用本法。
本法所称政府采购，是指各级国家机关、事业单位和团体组织，使用财政性资金采购依法制定的集中采购目录以内的或者采购限额标准以上的货物、工程和服务的行为。
政府集中采购目录和采购限额标准依照本法规定的权限制定。
本法所称采购，是指以合同方式有偿取得货物、工程和服务的行为，包括购买、租赁、委托、雇用等。
本法所称货物，是指各种形态和种类的物品，包括原材料、燃料、设备、产品等。
本法所称工程，是指建设工程，包括建筑物和构筑物的新建、改建、扩建、装修、拆除、修缮等。
本法所称服务，是指除货物和工程以外的其他政府采购对象。
 第三条 政府采购应当遵循公开透明原则、公平竞争原则、公正原则和诚实信用原则。
 第四条 政府采购工程进行招标投标的，适用招标投标法。
 第五条 任何单位和个人不得采用任何方式，阻挠和限制供应商自由进入本地区和本行业的政府采购市场。
 第六条 政府采购应当严格按照批准的预算执行。
 第七条 政府采购实行集中采购和分散采购相结合。集中采购的范围由省级以上人民政府公布的集中采购目录确定。
属于中央预算的政府采购项目，其集中采购目录由国务院确定并公布；属于地方预算的政府采购项目，其集中采购目录由省、自治区、直辖市人民政府或者其授权的机构确定并公布。
纳入集中采购目录的政府采购项目，应当实行集中采购。
 第八条 政府采购限额标准，属于中央预算的政府采购项目，由国务院确定并公布；属于地方预算的政府采购项目，由省、自治区、直辖市人民政府或者其授权的机构确定并公布。
 第九条 政府采购应当有助于实现国家的经济和社会发展政策目标，包括保护环境，扶持不发达地区和少数民族地区，促进中小企业发展等。
 第十条 政府采购应当采购本国货物、工程和服务。但有下列情形之一的除外：
 （一） 需要采购的货物、工程或者服务在中国境内无法获取或者无法以合理的商业条件获取的；
 （二） 为在中国境外使用而进行采购的；
 （三） 其他法律、行政法规另有规定的。
前款所称本国货物、工程和服务的界定，依照国务院有关规定执行。
 第十一条 政府采购的信息应当在政府采购监督管理部门指定的媒体上及时向社会公开发布，但涉及商业秘密的除外。
 第十二条 在政府采购活动中，采购人员及相关人员与供应商有利害关系的，必须回避。供应商认为采购人员及相关人员与其他供应商有利害关系的，可以申请其回避。
前款所称相关人员，包括招标采购中评标委员会的组成人员，竞争性谈判采购中谈判小组的组成人员，询价采购中询价小组的组成人员等。
 第十三条 各级人民政府财政部门是负责政府采购监督管理的部门，依法履行对政府采购活动的监督管理职责。
各级人民政府其他有关部门依法履行与政府采购活动有关的监督管理职责。
 
第二章 政府采购当事人
 第十四条 政府采购当事人是指在政府采购活动中享有权利和承担义务的各类主体，包括采购人、供应商和采购代理机构等。
 第十五条 采购人是指依法进行政府采购的国家机关、事业单位、团体组织。
 第十六条 集中采购机构为采购代理机构。设区的市、自治州以上人民政府根据本级政府采购项目组织集中采购的需要设立集中采购机构。
集中采购机构是非营利事业法人，根据采购人的委托办理采购事宜。
 第十七条 集中采购机构进行政府采购活动，应当符合采购价格低于市场平均价格、采购效率更高、采购质量优良和服务良好的要求。
 第十八条 采购人采购纳入集中采购目录的政府采购项目，必须委托集中采购机构代理采购；采购未纳入集中采购目录的政府采购项目，可以自行采购，也可以委托集中采购机构在委托的范围内代理采购。
纳入集中采购目录属于通用的政府采购项目的，应当委托集中采购机构代理采购；属于本部门、本系统有特殊要求的项目，应当实行部门集中采购；属于本单位有特殊要求的项目，经省级以上人民政府批准，可以自行采购。
 第十九条 采购人可以委托经国务院有关部门或者省级人民政府有关部门认定资格的采购代理机构，在委托的范围内办理政府采购事宜。
采购人有权自行选择采购代理机构，任何单位和个人不得以任何方式为采购人指定采购代理机构。
 第二十条 采购人依法委托采购代理机构办理采购事宜的，应当由采购人与采购代理机构签订委托代理协议，依法确定委托代理的事项，约定双方的权利义务。
 第二十一条 供应商是指向采购人提供货物、工程或者服务的法人、其他组织或者自然人。
 第二十二条 供应商参加政府采购活动应当具备下列条件：
 （一） 具有独立承担民事责任的能力；
 （二） 具有良好的商业信誉和健全的财务会计制度；
 （三） 具有履行合同所必需的设备和专业技术能力；
 （四） 有依法缴纳税收和社会保障资金的良好记录；
 （五） 参加政府采购活动前三年内，在经营活动中没有重大违法记录；
 （六） 法律、行政法规规定的其他条件。
采购人可以根据采购项目的特殊要求，规定供应商的特定条件，但不得以不合理的条件对供应商实行差别待遇或者歧视待遇。
 第二十三条 采购人可以要求参加政府采购的供应商提供有关资质证明文件和业绩情况，并根据本法规定的供应商条件和采购项目对供应商的特定要求，对供应商的资格进行审查。
 第二十四条 两个以上的自然人、法人或者其他组织可以组成一个联合体，以一个供应商的身份共同参加政府采购。
以联合体形式进行政府采购的，参加联合体的供应商均应当具备本法第二十二条规定的条件，并应当向采购人提交联合协议，载明联合体各方承担的工作和义务。联合体各方应当共同与采购人签订采购合同，就采购合同约定的事项对采购人承担连带责任。
 第二十五条 政府采购当事人不得相互串通损害国家利益、社会公共利益和其他当事人的合法权益；不得以任何手段排斥其他供应商参与竞争。
供应商不得以向采购人、采购代理机构、评标委员会的组成人员、竞争性谈判小组的组成人员、询价小组的组成人员行贿或者采取其他不正当手段谋取中标或者成交。
采购代理机构不得以向采购人行贿或者采取其他不正当手段谋取非法利益。
 
第三章 政府采购方式
 第二十六条 政府采购采用以下方式：
 （一） 公开招标；
 （二） 邀请招标；
 （三） 竞争性谈判；
 （四） 单一来源采购；
 （五） 询价；
 （六） 国务院政府采购监督管理部门认定的其他采购方式。
公开招标应作为政府采购的主要采购方式。
 第二十七条 采购人采购货物或者服务应当采用公开招标方式的，其具体数额标准，属于中央预算的政府采购项目，由国务院规定；属于地方预算的政府采购项目，由省、自治区、直辖市人民政府规定；因特殊情况需要采用公开招标以外的采购方式的，应当在采购活动开始前获得设区的市、自治州以上人民政府采购监督管理部门的批准。
 第二十八条 采购人不得将应当以公开招标方式采购的货物或者服务化整为零或者以其他任何方式规避公开招标采购。
 第二十九条 符合下列情形之一的货物或者服务，可以依照本法采用邀请招标方式采购：
 （一） 具有特殊性，只能从有限范围的供应商处采购的；
 （二） 采用公开招标方式的费用占政府采购项目总价值的比例过大的。
 第三十条 符合下列情形之一的货物或者服务，可以依照本法采用竞争性谈判方式采购：
 （一） 招标后没有供应商投标或者没有合格标的或者重新招标未能成立的；
 （二） 技术复杂或者性质特殊，不能确定详细规格或者具体要求的；
 （三） 采用招标所需时间不能满足用户紧急需要的；
 （四） 不能事先计算出价格总额的。
 第三十一条 符合下列情形之一的货物或者服务，可以依照本法采用单一来源方式采购：
 （一） 只能从唯一供应商处采购的；
 （二） 发生了不可预见的紧急情况不能从其他供应商处采购的；
 （三） 必须保证原有采购项目一致性或者服务配套的要求，需要继续从原供应商处添购，且添购资金总额不超过原合同采购金额百分之十的。
 第三十二条 采购的货物规格、标准统一、现货货源充足且价格变化幅度小的政府采购项目，可以依照本法采用询价方式采购。
 
第四章 政府采购程序
 第三十三条 负有编制部门预算职责的部门在编制下一财政年度部门预算时，应当将该财政年度政府采购的项目及资金预算列出，报本级财政部门汇总。部门预算的审批，按预算管理权限和程序进行。
 第三十四条 货物或者服务项目采取邀请招标方式采购的，采购人应当从符合相应资格条件的供应商中，通过随机方式选择三家以上的供应商，并向其发出投标邀请书。
 第三十五条 货物和服务项目实行招标方式采购的，自招标文件开始发出之日起至投标人提交投标文件截止之日止，不得少于二十日。
 第三十六条 在招标采购中，出现下列情形之一的，应予废标：
 （一） 符合专业条件的供应商或者对招标文件作实质响应的供应商不足三家的；
 （二） 出现影响采购公正的违法、违规行为的；
 （三） 投标人的报价均超过了采购预算，采购人不能支付的；
 （四） 因重大变故，采购任务取消的。
废标后，采购人应当将废标理由通知所有投标人。
 第三十七条 废标后，除采购任务取消情形外，应当重新组织招标；需要采取其他方式采购的，应当在采购活动开始前获得设区的市、自治州以上人民政府采购监督管理部门或者政府有关部门批准。
 第三十八条 采用竞争性谈判方式采购的，应当遵循下列程序：
 （一） 成立谈判小组。谈判小组由采购人的代表和有关专家共三人以上的单数组成，其中专家的人数不得少于成员总数的三分之二。
 （二） 制定谈判文件。谈判文件应当明确谈判程序、谈判内容、合同草案的条款以及评定成交的标准等事项。
 （三） 确定邀请参加谈判的供应商名单。谈判小组从符合相应资格条件的供应商名单中确定不少于三家的供应商参加谈判，并向其提供谈判文件。
 （四） 谈判。谈判小组所有成员集中与单一供应商分别进行谈判。在谈判中，谈判的任何一方不得透露与谈判有关的其他供应商的技术资料、价格和其他信息。谈判文件有实质性变动的，谈判小组应当以书面形式通知所有参加谈判的供应商。
 （五） 确定成交供应商。谈判结束后，谈判小组应当要求所有参加谈判的供应商在规定时间内进行最后报价，采购人从谈判小组提出的成交候选人中根据符合采购需求、质量和服务相等且报价最低的原则确定成交供应商，并将结果通知所有参加谈判的未成交的供应商。
 第三十九条 采取单一来源方式采购的，采购人与供应商应当遵循本法规定的原则，在保证采购项目质量和双方商定合理价格的基础上进行采购。
 第四十条 采取询价方式采购的，应当遵循下列程序：
 （一） 成立询价小组。询价小组由采购人的代表和有关专家共三人以上的单数组成，其中专家的人数不得少于成员总数的三分之二。询价小组应当对采购项目的价格构成和评定成交的标准等事项作出规定。
 （二） 确定被询价的供应商名单。询价小组根据采购需求，从符合相应资格条件的供应商名单中确定不少于三家的供应商，并向其发出询价通知书让其报价。
 （三） 询价。询价小组要求被询价的供应商一次报出不得更改的价格。
 （四） 确定成交供应商。采购人根据符合采购需求、质量和服务相等且报价最低的原则确定成交供应商，并将结果通知所有被询价的未成交的供应商。
 第四十一条 采购人或者其委托的采购代理机构应当组织对供应商履约的验收。大型或者复杂的政府采购项目，应当邀请国家认可的质量检测机构参加验收工作。验收方成员应当在验收书上签字，并承担相应的法律责任。
 第四十二条 采购人、采购代理机构对政府采购项目每项采购活动的采购文件应当妥善保存，不得伪造、变造、隐匿或者销毁。采购文件的保存期限为从采购结束之日起至少保存十五年。
采购文件包括采购活动记录、采购预算、招标文件、投标文件、评标标准、评估报告、定标文件、合同文本、验收证明、质疑答复、投诉处理决定及其他有关文件、资料。
采购活动记录至少应当包括下列内容：
 （一） 采购项目类别、名称；
 （二） 采购项目预算、资金构成和合同价格；
 （三） 采购方式，采用公开招标以外的采购方式的，应当载明原因；
 （四） 邀请和选择供应商的条件及原因；
 （五） 评标标准及确定中标人的原因；
 （六） 废标的原因；
 （七） 采用招标以外采购方式的相应记载。
 
第五章 政府采购合同
 第四十三条 政府采购合同适用合同法。采购人和供应商之间的权利和义务，应当按照平等、自愿的原则以合同方式约定。
采购人可以委托采购代理机构代表其与供应商签订政府采购合同。由采购代理机构以采购人名义签订合同的，应当提交采购人的授权委托书，作为合同附件。
 第四十四条 政府采购合同应当采用书面形式。
 第四十五条 国务院政府采购监督管理部门应当会同国务院有关部门，规定政府采购合同必须具备的条款。
 第四十六条 采购人与中标、成交供应商应当在中标、成交通知书发出之日起三十日内，按照采购文件确定的事项签订政府采购合同。
中标、成交通知书对采购人和中标、成交供应商均具有法律效力。中标、成交通知书发出后，采购人改变中标、成交结果的，或者中标、成交供应商放弃中标、成交项目的，应当依法承担法律责任。
 第四十七条 政府采购项目的采购合同自签订之日起七个工作日内，采购人应当将合同副本报同级政府采购监督管理部门和有关部门备案。
 第四十八条 经采购人同意，中标、成交供应商可以依法采取分包方式履行合同。
政府采购合同分包履行的，中标、成交供应商就采购项目和分包项目向采购人负责，分包供应商就分包项目承担责任。
 第四十九条 政府采购合同履行中，采购人需追加与合同标的相同的货物、工程或者服务的，在不改变合同其他条款的前提下，可以与供应商协商签订补充合同，但所有补充合同的采购金额不得超过原合同采购金额的百分之十。
 第五十条 政府采购合同的双方当事人不得擅自变更、中止或者终止合同。
政府采购合同继续履行将损害国家利益和社会公共利益的，双方当事人应当变更、中止或者终止合同。有过错的一方应当承担赔偿责任，双方都有过错的，各自承担相应的责任。
 
第六章 质疑与投诉
 第五十一条 供应商对政府采购活动事项有疑问的，可以向采购人提出询问，采购人应当及时作出答复，但答复的内容不得涉及商业秘密。
 第五十二条 供应商认为采购文件、采购过程和中标、成交结果使自己的权益受到损害的，可以在知道或者应知其权益受到损害之日起七个工作日内，以书面形式向采购人提出质疑。
 第五十三条 采购人应当在收到供应商的书面质疑后七个工作日内作出答复，并以书面形式通知质疑供应商和其他有关供应商，但答复的内容不得涉及商业秘密。
 第五十四条 采购人委托采购代理机构采购的，供应商可以向采购代理机构提出询问或者质疑，采购代理机构应当依照本法第五十一条、第五十三条的规定就采购人委托授权范围内的事项作出答复。
 第五十五条 质疑供应商对采购人、采购代理机构的答复不满意或者采购人、采购代理机构未在规定的时间内作出答复的，可以在答复期满后十五个工作日内向同级政府采购监督管理部门投诉。
 第五十六条 政府采购监督管理部门应当在收到投诉后三十个工作日内，对投诉事项作出处理决定，并以书面形式通知投诉人和与投诉事项有关的当事人。
 第五十七条 政府采购监督管理部门在处理投诉事项期间，可以视具体情况书面通知采购人暂停采购活动，但暂停时间最长不得超过三十日。
 第五十八条 投诉人对政府采购监督管理部门的投诉处理决定不服或者政府采购监督管理部门逾期未作处理的，可以依法申请行政复议或者向人民法院提起行政诉讼。
 
第七章 监督检查
 第五十九条 政府采购监督管理部门应当加强对政府采购活动及集中采购机构的监督检查。
监督检查的主要内容是：
 （一） 有关政府采购的法律、行政法规和规章的执行情况；
 （二） 采购范围、采购方式和采购程序的执行情况；
 （三） 政府采购人员的职业素质和专业技能。
 第六十条 政府采购监督管理部门不得设置集中采购机构，不得参与政府采购项目的采购活动。
采购代理机构与行政机关不得存在隶属关系或者其他利益关系。
 第六十一条 集中采购机构应当建立健全内部监督管理制度。采购活动的决策和执行程序应当明确，并相互监督、相互制约。经办采购的人员与负责采购合同审核、验收人员的职责权限应当明确，并相互分离。
 第六十二条 集中采购机构的采购人员应当具有相关职业素质和专业技能，符合政府采购监督管理部门规定的专业岗位任职要求。
集中采购机构对其工作人员应当加强教育和培训；对采购人员的专业水平、工作实绩和职业道德状况定期进行考核。采购人员经考核不合格的，不得继续任职。
 第六十三条 政府采购项目的采购标准应当公开。
采用本法规定的采购方式的，采购人在采购活动完成后，应当将采购结果予以公布。
 第六十四条 采购人必须按照本法规定的采购方式和采购程序进行采购。
任何单位和个人不得违反本法规定，要求采购人或者采购工作人员向其指定的供应商进行采购。
 第六十五条 政府采购监督管理部门应当对政府采购项目的采购活动进行检查，政府采购当事人应当如实反映情况，提供有关材料。
 第六十六条 政府采购监督管理部门应当对集中采购机构的采购价格、节约资金效果、服务质量、信誉状况、有无违法行为等事项进行考核，并定期如实公布考核结果。
 第六十七条 依照法律、行政法规的规定对政府采购负有行政监督职责的政府有关部门，应当按照其职责分工，加强对政府采购活动的监督。
 第六十八条 审计机关应当对政府采购进行审计监督。政府采购监督管理部门、政府采购各当事人有关政府采购活动，应当接受审计机关的审计监督。
 第六十九条 监察机关应当加强对参与政府采购活动的国家机关、国家公务员和国家行政机关任命的其他人员实施监察。
 第七十条 任何单位和个人对政府采购活动中的违法行为，有权控告和检举，有关部门、机关应当依照各自职责及时处理。
 
第八章 法律责任
 第七十一条 采购人、采购代理机构有下列情形之一的，责令限期改正，给予警告，可以并处罚款，对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员，由其行政主管部门或者有关机关给予处分，并予通报：
 （一） 应当采用公开招标方式而擅自采用其他方式采购的；
 （二） 擅自提高采购标准的；
 （三） 委托不具备政府采购业务代理资格的机构办理采购事务的；
 （四） 以不合理的条件对供应商实行差别待遇或者歧视待遇的；
 （五） 在招标采购过程中与投标人进行协商谈判的；
 （六） 中标、成交通知书发出后不与中标、成交供应商签订采购合同的；
 （七） 拒绝有关部门依法实施监督检查的。
 第七十二条 采购人、采购代理机构及其工作人员有下列情形之一，构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任；尚不构成犯罪的，处以罚款，有违法所得的，并处没收违法所得，属于国家机关工作人员的，依法给予行政处分：
 （一） 与供应商或者采购代理机构恶意串通的；
 （二） 在采购过程中接受贿赂或者获取其他不正当利益的；
 （三） 在有关部门依法实施的监督检查中提供虚假情况的；
 （四） 开标前泄露标底的。
 第七十三条 有前两条违法行为之一影响中标、成交结果或者可能影响中标、成交结果的，按下列情况分别处理：
 （一） 未确定中标、成交供应商的，终止采购活动；
 （二） 中标、成交供应商已经确定但采购合同尚未履行的，撤销合同，从合格的中标、成交候选人中另行确定中标、成交供应商；
 （三） 采购合同已经履行的，给采购人、供应商造成损失的，由责任人承担赔偿责任。
 第七十四条 采购人对应当实行集中采购的政府采购项目，不委托集中采购机构实行集中采购的，由政府采购监督管理部门责令改正；拒不改正的，停止按预算向其支付资金，由其上级行政主管部门或者有关机关依法给予其直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员处分。
 第七十五条 采购人未依法公布政府采购项目的采购标准和采购结果的，责令改正，对直接负责的主管人员依法给予处分。
 第七十六条 采购人、采购代理机构违反本法规定隐匿、销毁应当保存的采购文件或者伪造、变造采购文件的，由政府采购监督管理部门处以二万元以上十万元以下的罚款，对其直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员依法给予处分；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。
 第七十七条 供应商有下列情形之一的，处以采购金额千分之五以上千分之十以下的罚款，列入不良行为记录名单，在一至三年内禁止参加政府采购活动，有违法所得的，并处没收违法所得，情节严重的，由工商行政管理机关吊销营业执照；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任：
 （一） 提供虚假材料谋取中标、成交的；
 （二） 采取不正当手段诋毁、排挤其他供应商的；
 （三） 与采购人、其他供应商或者采购代理机构恶意串通的；
 （四） 向采购人、采购代理机构行贿或者提供其他不正当利益的；
 （五） 在招标采购过程中与采购人进行协商谈判的；
 （六） 拒绝有关部门监督检查或者提供虚假情况的。
供应商有前款第（一）至（五）项情形之一的，中标、成交无效。
 第七十八条 采购代理机构在代理政府采购业务中有违法行为的，按照有关法律规定处以罚款，可以依法取消其进行相关业务的资格，构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。
 第七十九条 政府采购当事人有本法第七十一条、第七十二条、第七十七条违法行为之一，给他人造成损失的，并应依照有关民事法律规定承担民事责任。
 第八十条 政府采购监督管理部门的工作人员在实施监督检查中违反本法规定滥用职权，玩忽职守，徇私舞弊的，依法给予行政处分；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。
 第八十一条 政府采购监督管理部门对供应商的投诉逾期未作处理的，给予直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员行政处分。
 第八十二条 政府采购监督管理部门对集中采购机构业绩的考核，有虚假陈述，隐瞒真实情况的，或者不作定期考核和公布考核结果的，应当及时纠正，由其上级机关或者监察机关对其负责人进行通报，并对直接负责的人员依法给予行政处分。
集中采购机构在政府采购监督管理部门考核中，虚报业绩，隐瞒真实情况的，处以二万元以上二十万元以下的罚款，并予以通报；情节严重的，取消其代理采购的资格。
 第八十三条 任何单位或者个人阻挠和限制供应商进入本地区或者本行业政府采购市场的，责令限期改正；拒不改正的，由该单位、个人的上级行政主管部门或者有关机关给予单位责任人或者个人处分。
 
第九章 附 则
 第八十四条 使用国际组织和外国政府贷款进行的政府采购，贷款方、资金提供方与中方达成的协议对采购的具体条件另有规定的，可以适用其规定，但不得损害国家利益和社会公共利益。
 第八十五条 对因严重自然灾害和其他不可抗力事件所实施的紧急采购和涉及国家安全和秘密的采购，不适用本法。
 第八十六条 军事采购法规由中央军事委员会另行制定。
 第八十七条 本法实施的具体步骤和办法由国务院规定。
 第八十八条 本法自2003年1月1日起施行。
 
    全国人民代表大会常务委员会 2002年6月29日 颁布

Order of the President of the People' s Republic of China
 
No.68

Government Procurement Law of the People's Republic of China has been adopted at the 28th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress on June 29, 2002, and promulgated by Order No.68 of the President of the People' s Republic of China on June 29, 2002, it will come into force as of January 1, 2003.

President of the People's Republic of China: Jiang Zemin
 June 29, 2002

Government Procurement Law of the People‘s Republic of China

 Contents
Chapter I General Provisions
Chapter II Government Procurement Party
Chapter III Forms of Government Procurement
Chapter IV Procedure for Government Procurement
Chapter V Government Procurement Contract
Chapter VI Query and Complaint
Chapter VII Supervision and Inspection
Chapter VIII Legal Responsibilities
Chapter IX Supplementary Provisions
 
Chapter I General Provisions
 Article 1 This Law is hereby enacted in order to standardize the government procurement behavior, improve the efficiency of use of government procurement funds, safeguard the state interests and public interests of society, protect the legitimate rights and interests of government procurement parties, and promote the building of an honest and clean government.
 Article 2 Government procurement within the territory of the People's Republic of China shall be governed by this Law.
Government procurement mentioned therein refers to behaviors of state organs at various levels, undertakings and social organizations that procure with fiscal funds commodities, engineering works and related services within the catalogue made for centralized procurement according to law or procure them in excess of their quotas.
The catalogue and quota for centralized government procurement shall be set forth within the limit of authority as prescribed herein.
Procurement mentioned herein refers to the behavior of obtaining compensated commodities, engineering works and related services, including purchase, lease, consignment, employment, etc. by means of contract.
Commodities mentioned herein refer to substances of different kinds in all forms, including raw and semi-finished materials, fuels, equipment, products, etc.
Engineering works mentioned herein refer to construction projects including the construction, reconstruction, extension, fitting, removal, repair of buildings and component parts.
Services mentioned herein refer to all objects other than commodities and engineering works under government procurement.
 Article 3 Government procurement shall be conducted in line with the principles of openness, transparency, fair competition, impartiality and honesty.
 Article 4 Where government procurement of engineering works takes the form of public bidding, the bidding law shall prevail.
 Article 5 No units and individuals are allowed to obstruct and restrict by whatsoever means suppliers from their free access to the government procurement markets in their locality and industry.
 Article 6 Government procurement shall be carried out strictly in accordance with the approved budget for the purpose.
 Article 7 Government procurement may be conducted in combination of centralized and scattered ways. The scope of centralized procurement shall be determined on the basis of the catalogue for centralized procurement published by the people's government at the provincial level or above.
For those to be procured by government under central budget, the catalogue for centralized procurement of them shall be determined and published by the State Council; for those under local budget, the catalogue for centralized procurement of them shall be determined and published by the governments of province, autonomous region and centrally administered municipality or organizations with their authority.
Items included in the catalogue for centralized government procurement shall be procured in a centralized way.
 Article 8 The quotas for government procurement shall be determined and published by the State Council if they fall into those to be procured under central budget; or by the governments of province, autonomous region and centrally administered municipality or organizations with their authority if they fall into those to be procured under local budget.
 Article 9 Government procurement shall be helpful to the realization of the state policy targets for economic and social development, including environment protection, support to the underdeveloped areas and areas of minorities, and promotion of development of small and medium-sized enterprises.
 Article 10 Government procurement shall target at domestic commodities, engineering works and services, except in the following cases:
 (1) Where commodities, engineering works or services to be procured are not available or cannot be obtained under reasonable commercial conditions within the territory of China;
 (2) Where such items are to be procured for use outside China; and
 (3) Where other laws and administrative regulations prescribe otherwise for such procurement.
Domestic commodities, engineering works and services afore-mentioned shall be defined in accordance with the relevant regulations of the State Council.
 Article 11 Information on government procurement shall be timely released to the public on the news media as designated by the government supervisory and administrative department in charge of government procurement, except such information as involves business secret.
 Article 12 If, in the activity of government procurement, the procurement personnel and concerned people have a conflict of interest with the suppliers, they must avoid from the activity. In case the suppliers consider the procurement personnel and concerned people have a conflict of interest with them, they can petition for the avoidance of the former.
Concerned people afore-mentioned include members of the bid appraisal committee if the procurement is carried out by public bidding, members of the negotiation team if it is done by competitive negotiation, and members of the inquiry team if it is done at inquiry price, etc.
 Article 13 The fiscal department of the people's governments at various levels is one in charge of supervision and administration of government procurement and shall perform its supervisory and administrative functions regarding government procurement activities according to law.
Other relevant departments of the people's governments at various levels shall, according to law, perform their supervisory and administrative functions in connection with government procurement activities.
 
Chapter II Government Procurement Parties
 Article 14 Government procurement parties mentioned herein refer to various kinds of mainstream entities, including procurement personnel, supplier and procurement agency that have rights to and obligations for government procurement activities.
 Article 15 Procurement party refers to state organs, undertakings and social organizations.
 Article 16 A centralized procurement organization shall be the procurement agency. People's governments of cities and autonomous prefectures with administrative districts shall set up centralized procurement agencies at their respective levels in light of the requirements for items to be procured.
Centralized procurement agencies shall be non-profitable corporate bodies that deal with procurement matters in accordance with the instructions of procurement parties.
 Article 17 When centralized procurement agencies conduct government procurement activities, they shall meet the requirements that the procurement price should be lower than the average market price, the procurement efficiency be higher, the quality of procurement be fine and the services be excellent.
 Article 18 When a procurement party purchases items that are included in the catalogue for centralized government procurement, such items must be procured by a centralized procurement agency on its behalf; if the intended items are not included in the catalogue for centralized government procurement, the procurement party may purchase them on their own, or request a centralized procurement agency to do instead on its behalf within a given limit.
Where items included in the catalogue for centralized procurement are those to be procured by the government for general use, a centralized procurement agency should be entrusted to do the job; if, however, they are to be used by any department or by the system it belongs to for special purposes, they should be procured by the department in a centralized way; if they are to be used by any department exclusively for special purposes, the department may procure them on its own with the approval of the people's government at the level of province or above.
 Article 19 A procurement parties may entrust any procurement agency that the relevant department under the State Council or the relevant department of the people' s government at the provincial level has certified as qualified to carry out government procurement within the limit of authority.
A procurement party has the option to select any procurement agency, and no unit or individual is allowed to designate in whatsoever form any procurement agency for the procurement party.
 Article 20 Where a procurement party entrusts according to law a procurement agency to carry out procurement on its behalf, the procurement party shall enter into an agency agreement with the procurement agency, wherein prescribing the items so entrusted and their respective rights and obligations so agreed upon between both sides.
 Article 21 Suppliers mentioned herein refer to corporate bodies, other organizations or natural persons that supply commodities, engineering works or services to procurement parties.
 Article 22 Suppliers participating in government procurement activities shall meet the following requirements:
 (1) They have the capability of undertaking civil liability;
 (2) They have a fine business reputation and a sound financial accounting system;
 (3) They have the necessary equipment and professional skills to perform contracts;
 (4) They have a fine record of paying taxes and surcharges and social security funds according to law;
 (5) They have no record of material malpractice in its business operation during the three years before participation in the government procurement activity; and
 (6) They meet any other requirements as may be prescribed by laws and administrative regulations.
Procurement parties may, in light of the special requirements for the items to be procured, set forth special terms and conditions for the suppliers to meet, but are not allowed to give suppliers different or discriminative treatment by means of unreasonable requirements.
 Article 23 Procurement parties may request suppliers involved in government procurement to provide documents evidencing their qualification and business performance, and carry out examination of their qualification in light of the conditions set for them herein and on the basis of the specific requirements of the items to be procured for them to meet.
 Article 24 More than two natural persons, corporate bodies or other organizations may be formed into an associate to participate government procurement in the capacity of one supplier.
Suppliers participating in government procurement in the form of an associate should all meet the requirements as set forth in Article 22 herein and shall provide the procurement party with the agreement of association, indicating the jobs and obligations they undertake respectively. All parties to an associate as one side should enter into a procurement agreement with the procurement party as the other side, assuming several and joint liabilities to the procurement party for the things and matters as agreed upon therein.
 Article 25 Government procurement parties are prohibited from colluding with each other to infringe upon state interests, public interests of society and the legitimate rights and interests of others involved or excluding other suppliers from competition by whatsoever means.
Suppliers are prohibited from winning the bid or concluding any transaction by offering a bribe or by any other illicit means towards the procurement party, procurement agency, member of the bid appraisal committee, member of the competitive negotiation team and member of the inquiry team.
Procurement agencies are prohibited from obtaining unlawful benefits from the procurement parties by bribe or any other illicit means.
 
Chapter III Forms of Government Procurement
 Article 26 Government procurement shall take the following forms:
 (1) public bidding;
 (2) invitation for bid;
 (3) competitive negotiation;
 (4) unitary source purchase;
 (5) inquiry; and
 (6) other forms as may be approved by the government procurement supervisory and administrative department under the State Council in charge of government procurement.
Public bidding should be taken as the main form of government procurement.
 Article 27 Where procurement parties should purchase commodities or services in the form of public bidding, the specific quotas shall be stipulated by the State Council if they fall into those to be procured under central budget, or by the people's governments of province, autonomous region and centrally administered municipality if they are included in the catalogue for local government procurement under local budget. In special cases where forms other than public bidding have to be adopted, approval should, before start of the procurement activity, be obtained from the procurement supervisory and administrative department of the people's government of city or autonomous prefecture with administrative districts.
 Article 28 Procurement parties are prohibited from breaking up the whole of commodities or services into parts that should be procured by public bidding in attempt to avoid procurement by public bidding.
 Article 29 Commodities or services in line with either of the following cases may be procured by invitation for bid:
 (1) they are of special nature and can only be procured from a limited number of suppliers; or
 (2) The percentage of expenses in the total value of government procurement is too large if they are procured by public bidding.
 Article 30 Commodities or services in line with any of the following cases may be procured by competitive negotiation according to this law:
 (1) after public bidding, there is no supplier tender or qualified tender or re-bidding is not possible;
 (2) specific descriptions or requirements cannot be determined for the sake of complex technology or special nature;
 (3) the time limit cannot meet the demand of users if public bidding is adopted;
 (4) The total price of the commodities or services cannot be worked out beforehand.
 Article 31 Commodities or services in line with any of the following cases may be procured by unitary source purchase:
 (1) they can only be procured from a sole supplier;
 (2) procurement from other suppliers is impossible due to the occurrence of an unexpected critical situation;
 (3) Additional procurement should be made from the original suppliers in order to keep consistency with the previous procurement or meet the needs of supportive services, and the total amount of additional procurement does not exceed 10% of the original contract value of procurement.
 Article 32 Where the description and standard of commodities to be procured are unified, and commodities on hand are sufficient with a small margin of change in price, they may be procured in the form of inquiry according to this law.
 
Chapter IV Procedure for Government Procurement
 Article 33 When the department with the budgeting function prepares the budget for the ensuing fiscal year, the items of government procurement and capital budget for the year should be listed and reported to the fiscal department for consolidation. The departmental budget shall be approved in accordance with the limit of administrative power and procedure.
 Article 34 Where commodities or services are to be procured in the form of invitation for bid, the procurement party shall select at random more than three suppliers from among the qualified suppliers and send them invitation for bid.
 Article 35 Where commodities or services are to be procured in the form of invitation for bid, the length of time between the date the bid documents are sent out and the deadline for the submission of tender documents by the tender shall be no less than 20 days.
 Article 36 Where procurement takes the form of invitation for bid, the bid should be cancelled in any of the following cases:
 (1) there are no more than three suppliers that are eligible or give essential response to the bid documents;
 (2) there is any illegal and breaching act that affects fair procurement;
 (3) the offer of the tender exceeds the budget for procurement and is not affordable by the procurement party;
 (4) The task of procurement is cancelled for any important change.
After cancellation of the bid, the procurement party should notify the tender of the reason therefor.
 Article 37 After cancellation of the bid, arrangement for a new invitation for bid should be made unless the task of procurement is cancelled. If it is necessary to adopt any other form of procurement, approval should, before the start of procurement activity, be obtained from the government procurement supervisory and administrative department of the people's government of city and autonomous prefecture with administrative districts.
 Article 38 Where the form of competitive negotiation is adopted for procurement, the following procedure should be observed:
 (1) Formation of a negotiation team. The team shall comprise more than three members in odd number who are representative and relevant experts of the procurement party, among them experts should account for no less than two-thirds (2/3) of the total number of its members.
 (2) Preparation of negotiation documents. These documents shall definitely specify the procedure and contents of negotiation, terms and conditions of the draft contract, the criterion for conclusion of transactions, etc.
 (3) Listing the names of suppliers to be invited to negotiation. The negotiation team shall select no less than three suppliers from among those eligible on the list and send them the negotiation documents.
 (4) Negotiation. All members of the negotiation team shall together negotiate with the candidate suppliers respectively. During the period of negotiation, neither party may disclose the technical know-how, price and other information of any other supplier. If there is any material change in the negotiation documents, the negotiation team shall notify in writing all the suppliers participating the negotiation.
 (5) Determination of the conclusive supplier. After completion of negotiation, the negotiation team shall demand all the participant suppliers to give a final offer within a given deadline, and the procurement party shall select from the candidates suggested by the negotiation team and determine the conclusive supplier under the principle that the procurement requirements in amount, quality, service and lowest offer are all met and notify the result to all the other failing participant suppliers.
 Article 39 Where the form of unitary source purchase is adopted, the procurement party and the supplier shall abide by the principles as stipulated herein, and the procurement should be completed on the basis of guaranteeing the quality of the procured items and of the reasonable price as agreed upon between both sides.
 Article 40 Where the form of inquiry is adopted for procurement, the following procedure shall be abided by:
 (1) Formation of an inquiry team. The inquiry team shall comprise more than three members in odd number who are representative and relevant experts of the procurement party, among them experts should account for no less than two-thirds (2/3) of the total number of its members. The inquiry team should make stipulations regarding the price structure, the criterion for conclusion of transaction, and other items of the procurement.
 (2) Listing the names of suppliers to be inquired. The inquiry team shall select no less than three suppliers from among those eligible on the list in light of its procurement demand, and issue a notice of inquiry for them to offer price.
 (3) Inquiry. The inquiry team shall demand the inquired supplier to give a one-time offer without alteration.
 (4) Determination of the conclusive supplier. The procurement party shall select and determine the conclusive supplier under the principle that the procurement requirements for amount, quality, service and lowest offer are all met and notify the result to all the other failing participant suppliers.
 Article 41 The procurement party or the procurement agency with its authority shall organize an inspection on how the supplier has performed the contract. Where large-size or complex items for government procurement are involved, the state-certified quality testing organization should be invited to participate in the inspection. All the members of the inspection party should sign their names on the certificate of acceptance and bear the corresponding legal liability.
 Article 42 The procurement party and the procurement agency shall keep in safe custody the procurement documents for each item under the government procurement catalogue, and are prohibited from forging, altering, concealing or destroying any of them. The duration of custody of procurement documents shall be at least 15 years counting from the date of completion of procurement.
Procurement documents include the record of procurement activities, budget for procurement, bid documents, tender documents, bid appraisal standards, appraisal report, bid decision document, contract, certificate of acceptance, and response to inquiry, decision to settle the complaint and other related documents and information.
The record of procurement activities shall at least contain the following contents:
 (1) category and name of the item to be procured;
 (2) budget for procurement, structure of funds and contract price;
 (3) form of procurement, and the reason if any form other than public bidding is adopted;
 (4) requirements and reasons set for the suppliers to be invited and selected;
 (5) bid appraisal standards, and the reason why the bid winner is determined;
 (6) reason for cancellation of the bid; and
 (7) corresponding record if any form other than public bidding is adopted.
 
Chapter V Government Procurement Contract
 Article 43 Government procurement contracts shall be governed by the Contract Law. The rights and obligations of the procurement party and the supplier shall be agreed upon in the form of contract under the principle of equality and voluntariness.
A procurement party may appoint any procurement agency to conclude, on its behalf, a government procurement contract with the supplier. Where a contract is signed by a procurement agency in the name of the procurement party, the power of attorney issued by the procurement party shall be required and treated as annex to the contract.
 Article 44 A government procurement contract shall be made in writing.
 Article 45 The procurement supervisory and administrative department under the State Council shall, in consultation with other departments thereunder, stipulate what specific terms and conditions must be contained in a procurement contract.
 Article 46 The procurement party, the bid winner and conclusive supplier shall, within 30 days after the issue of notices of winning the bid and concluding the transaction, enter into a government procurement contract on the items as determined by the procurement documents.
The notices of winning the bid and concluding the transaction shall have binding force upon both the bid winner and the supplier. If, after issue of the notices of winning the bid and concluding the transaction, the procurement party alters the results of bid winning and conclusion of transaction, or the bid winner and the supplier give up the bid and the transaction, the breaching party shall bear the legal liability according to law.
 Article 47 The procurement party shall, within 7 business days after the date on which the government procurement contract is signed, submit a copy thereof to the procurement supervisory and administrative department of the government at the same level for its record.
 Article 48 The bid winner and the conclusive supplier may, with the approval of the procurement party, perform the contract in the form of sub-contract.
Where a government procurement contract is to be performed in the form of sub-contract, the bid winner and the conclusive supplier shall be responsible to the procurement party in respect of the items procured and those sub-contracted, and the sub-conclusive suppliers be responsible to the procurement party in respect of the items sub-contracted .
 Article 49 In case the procurement party needs an increase of the same commodities, engineering works or services as the contracted subject in the process of performance, supplementary contracts may be concluded with the procurement party, provided all the other terms and conditions remain unchanged, and the total amount of such supplementary contract prices does not exceed 10% of the original contract price.
 Article 50 Both parties to a government procurement contract shall not alter, suspend or terminate the contract without mutual consent.
In case the continuous performance of a government procurement contract would do harm to the interests of the state and society, both parties thereto shall alter, suspend or terminate the contract. The party with fault shall bear the liability of compensating the other; if, however, both parties have faults, they shall bear their respective liability.
 
Chapter VI Query and Complaint
 Article 51 When the supplier has any question about the government procurement activities, the question may be put to the procurement party, and the procurement party shall give a reply but the reply must not involve any business secrete.
 Article 52 Where the supplier deems that the procurement documents, the procurement process and the result of winning the bid and concluding the transaction have infringed upon its rights and interests, he may, within 7 business days after he knows or should know such infringement, raise a query in writing to the procurement party.
 Article 53 The procurement party shall, within 7 business days after receipt of the written query, give a reply and notify in writing the query supplier and other suppliers, but the reply must not involve any business secrete.
 Article 54 Where the procurement party entrusts a procurement agency to make procurement on its behalf, the supplier may consult or make a query of the procurement agency, and the latter shall give a reply to the former within the limit of authority as prescribed in Articles 51 and 53.
 Article 55 If the query supplier is not satisfied with the reply given by the procurement party or its agency, or the procurement party or its agency fails to give a reply within the given period of time, he may, within 15 business days after expiry of the given period, lodge a complaint with the government procurement supervisory and administrative department of the people's government at the same level.
 Article 56 The government procurement supervisory and administrative department shall, within 30 business days after receipt of any complaint, make a decision on the matter complained about and notify in writing the complainant and the persons involved in the complaint.
 Article 57 When the government procurement supervisory and administrative department is dealing with the complaint, it may notify in writing the procurement party to cease its procurement activity if the situation warrants it, provided the duration of suspension does not exceed 30 days at longest.
 Article 58 In case the complainant is not satisfied with the decision on his complaint or the government procurement supervisory and administrative department fails to deal with the case within the time limit, the complainant may petition for administrative reconsideration or lodge an administrative lawsuit at the people's court.
 
Chapter VII Supervision and Inspection
 Article 59 The government procurement supervisory and administrative department shall strengthen supervision and inspection of government procurement activities and organizations in charge of centralized procurement.
Supervision and inspection shall include the following main items:
 (1) the implementation of the laws, administrative regulations and rules regarding government procurement;
 (2) the implementation of the requirements in respect of the scope, form and procedure of procurement; and
 (3) the professional quality and technical ability of the government procurement personnel.
 Article 60 The government procurement supervisory and administrative department shall set up no organization for centralized procurement and is not allowed to participate any procurement activities in connection with government procurement items.
The procurement agency should have no relationship of subordination to or other relationship of interest with the administrative organ.
 Article 61 A centralized procurement organization should have a sound internal supervisory and administrative system. The procedures for making and implementing decisions on procurement activities should be clearly defined, and the decision-makers and the implementers should supervise and restrain each other. The functions and powers of the personnel responsible for procurement and those for examination of contract and check and acceptance of procured goods should be expressly defined and separated.
 Article 62 Personnel in charge of centralized procurement should have corresponding professional quality and technical ability, which meet the requirements for one to hold a professional post as prescribed by the regulations of the government procurement supervisory and administrative department.
The centralized procurement organization should strengthen education and training of its working personnel, and at a regular time make appraisal of their professional level, work achievement and professional ethics. Any procurement personnel found to be disqualified after being appraised shall not continue holding their post.
 Article 63 The procurement standards for government procurement items should be made public.
If the forms of procurement stipulated by this law are adopted, the procurement party shall, after completion of procurement activities, announce the result of procurement to the public.
 Article 64 The procurement party must carry out procurement in the forms and through the procedure as prescribed by this law.
No units and individuals may be allowed to violate the provisions of this law, and the procurement party or its procurement personnel shall make procurement from the designated suppliers.
 Article 65 The government procurement supervisory and administrative department shall launch an inspection of the procurement activities regarding government procurement items, and the government procurement party involved should report the real situation and provide related information and documents.
 Article 66 The government procurement supervisory and administrative department shall make an appraisal of the centralized procurement organization in respect of price, result of fund-efficiency , service quality, reputation and compliance with law, and make public the result of the appraisal at a regular time.
 Article 67 The government administrative departments responsible for government procurement in accordance with laws and administrative regulations shall, in light of division of their duties, intensify supervision over government procurement activities.
 Article 68 The audit department shall supervise government procurement by means of audit. The government procurement supervisory and administrative department and all the government procurement parties should accept the supervisory audit by the audit department in respect of their government procurement activities.
 ;Article 69 The supervisory department shall implement supervision over the government organizations, state civil servants and other personnel authorized by state administrative departments who participate government procurement activities.
 Article 70 Any units and individuals have the right to make complaint against and accuse of any violation of law in the government procurement activities, and the departments and organizations concerned should duly deal with such offences within and in light of their respective functions and powers.
 
Chapter VIII Legal Responsibilities
 Article 71 In any of the following cases procurement parties and procurement agencies shall be enjoined to make rectification, be given a disciplinary warning and may be fined, and the person in charge and others directly responsible for its occurrence shall be given a punishment and made public by circular by the competent administrative department or the government organization concerned:
 (1) To procure in the form other than public bidding without approval;
 (2) To raise the procurement standards without approval;
 (3) To entrust procurement matters to any institution unqualified to handle government procurement agency business;
 (4) To give different or discriminative treatment to suppliers by means of unreasonable terms and conditions;
 (5) To conduct consultation and negotiation with the tenders in the process of procurement by public bidding;
 (6) To decline concluding a procurement contract with the bid winner and the supplier after issue of the notice of bid winning and conclusion; and
 (7) To refuse supervision and inspection to be conducted by the competent department according to law.
 Article 72 In any of the following cases procurement parties and procurement agencies and their working personnel shall be affixed the criminal liability if it constitutes a crime; or punished in the form of a fine if it does not constitute a crime, and by confiscation of their illegal earnings if there are any, or given administrative sanction if the people involved are state civil servants:
 (1) to willfully collude with the supplier or procurement agency;
 (2) to accept bribes or obtain any other illegitimate benefits in the process of procurement;
 (3) to provide false information when the department concerned carries out supervisory inspection according to law;
 (4) to disclose the lower limit on bids before opening of bids.
 Article 73 If the offence in any case under the previous two articles affects or would possibly affect the result of bid winning and conclusion, the case shall be handled in light of the following circumstances:
 (1) Termination of the procurement activity if the bid winning and conclusive supplier are not yet determined;
 (2) Cancellation of the contract and re-determination of the bid winner and conclusive supplier from qualified bid winners and candidate conclusive suppliers after the bid winner and conclusive supplier are determined but the procurement contract has not yet been performed;
 (3) Loss caused to the procurement party and the supplier after performance of the procurement contract, the compensation liability shall be assumed by the responsible people.
 Article 74 If any procurement party does not request a centralized procurement agency to procure in a centralized way such government procurement items as should be, the government procurement supervisory and administrative department shall enjoin it to make rectification, or stop payment of funds as budgeted if it refuses rectification, and its person in charge and others directly responsible shall be given punishment by its higher administrative department or the department concerned.
 Article 75 If any procurement party fails to make public the standard for and result of procurement for government procurement items, it shall be enjoined to make rectification and its directly responsible person in charge be given a disciplinary punishment according to law.
 Article 76 If any procurement party or procurement agency conceals, destroys the procurement documents that should be retained, or forges, alters the procurement documents in violation of the provisions of this law, the government procurement supervisory and administrative department shall fine them for over RMB 20,000 up to RMB 100,000, and give a disciplinary punishment to its persons in charge directly responsible for the case according to law, or affix them the criminal liability if the offence constitutes a crime.
 Article 77 In any of the following cases the suppliers shall be fined within the range from 0.5% to 1% of the amount of procurement, be included in the name list of those with an unclean record, and prohibited from participating government procurement activities for one to three years. If they have any unlawful gains, such gains shall be confiscated; if the case is serious, their business license shall be revoked by the administration for industry and commerce; if their offence constitutes a crime, they shall be affixed the criminal liability:
 (1) to win the bid and conclude a transaction by providing false information and documents;
 (2) to vilify and squeeze out other suppliers by illicit means;
 (3) to willfully collude with the procurement party, other suppliers or the procurement agency;
 (4) to offer a bribe or provide other unlawful benefits to the procurement party and procurement agency;
 (5) to consult and negotiate with the procurement party during the period of procurement by public bidding;
 (6) to reject the supervision and inspection by the department concerned or to provide false information.
In any case under (l) to (2) above, the bid won and transaction concluded shall be nullified.
 Article 78 If a procurement agency commits any illegal activities in the operation of government procurement, it shall be fined according to relevant laws, and its qualification for handling the related business shall be cancelled. Its criminal liability shall be affixed if its act constitutes a crime.
 Article 79 Government procurement parties violating laws in any case under Articles 71, 72 and 77 and having caused loss to others shall bear the civil liability in accordance with the relevant provisions of the civil laws.
 Article 80 Working personnel of the government procurement supervisory and administrative department abusing their power and position, neglecting their duty and playing favoritism and committing irregularities shall be given an administrative sanction, or be affixed the criminal liability if their act constitutes a crime.
 Article 81 If the government procurement supervisory and administrative department fails to dispose of any complaint lodged by suppliers, its people in charge and others directly responsible for the case shall be given an administrative sanction.
 Article 82 If, at the time of appraising the performance of a centralized procurement institution, the government procurement supervisory and administrative department gives false presentations and conceals the real situation or it fails to carry out appraisal and announce the result of appraisal at a regular time, it should duly make rectification, and its higher authorities or the supervisory department shall circulate a notice of criticism regarding the directly responsible persons and give an administrative sanction to the directly responsible person in charge.
If any centralized procurement institution reports false achievements to and conceals the real situation from the government procurement supervisory and administrative department, it shall be fined within the range of RMB20, 000 to RMB200, 000, and circulated a notice of criticism, or even its qualification of procurement agency shall be cancelled if the case is serious.
 Article 83 If any units or individuals obstruct suppliers from entering the government procurement market of, their locality or in their industry, they shall be enjoined to make rectification within a given time; failing which their higher administrative department or the department concerned shall punish the persons of the units or individuals in charge.
 
Chapter IX Supplementary Provisions
 Article 84 If it is prescribed otherwise in the procurement agreements between the lenders, financing parties on one side and the Chinese party on the other on government procurement by using loans from international organizations and foreign governments, the provisions therein may be applicable, provided the state interests and public interests are not infringed upon.
 Article 85 Emergent procurement carried out in case of force majeure including serious natural and other disasters and procurement involving state security and secrete shall not be governed by this law.
 Article 86 The laws and regulations for military procurement shall be separately formulated by the Military Commission of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party.
 Article 87 The specific steps and methods for the implementation of this law shall be formulated by the State Council.
 Article 88 This law shall come into force on January 1, 2003.
 
    Promulgated by The Standing Committee of the National People's Congress on 2002-6-29